Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and Canberra

The Australian Capital Territory is a landlocked area within the state of New South Wales, that comprises the Australian Capital of Canberra. At 475,00 people, the ACT has a smaller population than every state and territory except for the Northern Territory, and is by far the smallest at just 2,358 square kilometers. When Australia was federalized in 1901, the constitution stated that an area within New South Wales would be given to the government for use as a capital territory. This was formalized in the Seat of Government Act in 1908. In 1911, this area was transferred to the Federal Government, and in 1913, the city of Canberra was founded. The Australian Parliament meets here, as well as the High Court, and National Defence Academy.